Dutegereje 2030: Iyo ubuhanga bwo gukora imashini za AI buhuye na moteri nto, ese igihe cy'ubuhanga bwo gukora imashini nto kiri hafi yacu?

Mu myaka mike ishize, moteri ntoya, nk'ibice by'ingenzi byo kugenzura neza ingendo, zashyigikiye bucece porogaramu nyinshi kuva ku gucapa kugeza ku bikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Bitewe n'inguni zazo zihamye zo gutera intambwe, imbaraga zihamye, hamwe n'uburyo bwizewe bwo kugenzura bufunguye, zabaye "imitsi" y'ingenzi mu nzego nko gukora ikoranabuhanga mu nganda no mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Ariko, hamwe n'iterambere rikomeye ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ubwenge bw'ubukorano, turi mu mpinduka nshya: igihe AI ​​iha ibi bice bito "ubwonko" n' "uburyo bwo kubona", igihe cy'ubuhanga buciriritse kigiye gutangira ahagana mu 2030.

一、Iterambere ry’ubwenge rya moteri nto zikora stepper:

kuva ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa kugeza ku gutekereza Moteri zisanzwe zikora ziyobowe n’umuyoboro ufunguye zishingiye ku bimenyetso byateguwe. Nubwo ubuhanga bwazo buhagije, akenshi zisa n’aho "zidasobanutse" mu bidukikije bigoye kandi bihindagurika - ntizishobora kumva impinduka z’umutwaro, guhindura ibipimo ubwazo, no guhanura ko ibintu byananiranye. Kwinjizwa kwa AI biri guhindura cyane iki kibazo.

Mu 2030, byitezwe ko tuzaba tubona moteri nto zikora neza zifite utumashini twa AI twubatswe imbere. Izi moteri ntizihuza gusa na encoders zikora neza cyane, ahubwo zinasesengura amakuru y'imikorere mu buryo bwihuse binyuze muri algorithms zo kwiga imashini. Urugero, moteri ishobora kwiga ubwayo impinduka mu buryo bwikora mu mikorere y'umuzigo, igahindura umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi n'iy'igabanywa ry'imizigo, kandi ikirinda gutakaza intambwe no guhindagurika; ishobora kandi guhanura kwangirika kw'ingufu binyuze mu gutigita no mu miterere y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi, igatanga imiburo yo kubungabunga mbere y'igihe. Iyi mpinduka kuva ku "gukora ibintu mu buryo butunguranye" ikajya ku "guhindura ibintu mu buryo bufatika" izatuma moteri nto zikora ibintu mu buryo bufatika.

二、Kugira ngo ugere ku iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho binyuze mu buhanga bwa AI, hakenewe iterambere mu nzego nyinshi z’ingenzi z’ikoranabuhanga:

1. Uburyo bwo guhuza uburyo bwo kubona ibintu n'imiterere yabyo (Authematique) bushobora guhuza amakuru y’ibipimo byinshi nk'aho umuntu akoresha imashini ikoresha ikoranabuhanga, imiterere y'ubushyuhe, n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo hubakwe uburyo bwo gukora imashini y’ikoranabuhanga ikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bwihuse. Binyuze mu kwiga byimbitse, imashini ishobora gupima neza imbaraga z'umuzigo, ingano y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, ndetse n'ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije, bityo bigatanga ishingiro ry'ibyemezo byo kugenzura.

1. Guhindura imiterere ya PID gakondo mu bijyanye na algorithme zo kugenzura zihindagurika bishingiye ku bunararibonye bw'abantu, mu gihe abacunga ibikoresho bishingiye ku kwiga gushimangira bashobora gukomeza kunoza imiterere mu gihe cy'imikorere. Urugero, mu kuboko kwa roboti gutwarwa na moteri ntoya, AI ishobora guhindura inzira y'imigendere mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo irangize akazi ko gufata hakoreshejwe ingufu nke ariko igakomeza gukora neza.

1. Mu Isuzumabumenyi n'Imicungire y'Ubuzima (PHM), ubuhanga bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina (AI) bushobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ikosa mu mikorere ya moteri binyuze mu isesengura ry'igihe kirekire (nk'imiyoboro ya LSTM). Biteganyijwe ko mu 2030, ukuri kw'ikosa ry'ubuhanuzi bw'ibanze kuri moteri nto z'ubwenge buzarenga 95%, bikagabanya cyane ibyago byo kudakora neza kw'ibikoresho.

二、Uburyo bwo Gukoresha: Gukoresha moteri zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya "micro stepper" mu buryo bwagutse, kuva kuri robo zikoresha imiterere y'umubiri kugeza ku ikoreshwa ry'ubuvuzi bw'imbere mu mubiri, bizatuma habaho uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha moteri:

Inzobere mu gukora Roboti zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Humanoid Kugira ngo roboti zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya humanoid zishobore gukora neza nk'amaboko y'umuntu, hakenewe ibikoresho byinshi bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya micro actuators. Mu 2030, moteri zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya micro stepper zifite umurambararo uri munsi ya milimetero 4 zizaba zikoresha uburyo bwo kumva no kugenzura imbaraga, bityo intoki za roboti ntizifate amagi gusa ahubwo zinabone ibikoresho n'uburyo ibintu bigenda.

Mu kubaga imitsi hakoreshejwe robo zo kwa muganga zitabangamira cyane, catheter itwarwa na moteri nto itwara amaguru isaba ubuhanga bungana na milimetero mu gutera no gusubira inyuma. Iyo moteri ihujwe no kureba amashusho ya AI, ishobora guhindura umuvuduko wayo ikoresheje amashusho nyayo, ikirinda kwangirika k'urukuta rw'imitsi ndetse no kurangiza imiti yihariye aho yakomeretse.

Mu gihe kizaza, indorerwamo za AR ku bikoresho by’ubwenge byambarwa zizakoresha moteri nto kugira ngo zihindure vuba module ya optique kandi zikore zoom mu buryo bwikora hakurikijwe icyerekezo cy’umurongo w’ijisho ry’umuntu. AI isesengura amakuru y’ingendo z’amaso kugira ngo ihanure aho umukoresha areba, kandi moteri irangiza kwibanda mu masegonda make, itanga ubunararibonye busesuye bwo guhuza isi ya virtual n’iy’ukuri.

Mu rwego rwa Industry 4.0, moteri ibihumbi bya micro stepper mu ruganda rukora ibintu bigezweho zizaba nk'aho zikorera muri interineti y'inganda. Zisangiza imikorere yazo binyuze mu itumanaho ridafite umugozi, kandi ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu bushingiye ku bicu buhuza umuvuduko w'umusaruro wose, bigatuma habaho ikoreshwa ry'ingufu rihagije kandi umusaruro mwinshi.

四、Imbogamizi n'Inzira Izaza Nubwo hari amahirwe menshi, ikoreshwa rya moteri nto zikora ibyuma bito bito mu buryo bwagutse riracyahura n'imbogamizi:

Ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'uburyo ubushyuhe bukwirakwira:Gushyira hamwe chip ya AI byongera ikoreshwa ry'ingufu. Kuri moteri nto, icy'ingenzi ni uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe mu buryo buciriritse.

Kugenzura ikiguzi:Muri iki gihe, ikiguzi cya actuators zigezweho kiri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'ikiguzi cy'ibicuruzwa gakondo, kandi bisaba urunigi rw'inganda zikuze kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi.

Kwizerwa kwa algorithm:Mu rwego rw'ubuvuzi n'imodoka, aho umutekano ari ingenzi cyane, ibyemezo bya AI bigomba gusobanurwa kandi byemezwa byuzuye.

Mu 2030, dushobora kubona ishyirwaho ry’amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda ndetse n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibikoresho byihariye bya AI na moteri ntoya. Bamwe mu bakinnyi bakomeye batangiye gupima imiterere y’ibikoresho, kandi byitezwe ko moteri ntoya zigezweho zizagenda zinjira buhoro buhoro mu rwego rw’ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu myaka itanu iri imbere.

五、Umwanzuro: 

Igihe cy'imikorere y'ubwenge buto kirageze. Iyo AI ihuye na moteri nto, ntabwo tuba twishimiye gusa iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, ahubwo tuba twishimiye n'udushya mu bijyanye no kugenzura imikorere. Kuva ku "kuzunguruka" gusa kugeza ku "gutekereza-gushyira mu bikorwa", moteri nto zizaba igice cy'ibanze cy'isi y'ubwenge. 2030 ishobora kuba ari yo ntangiriro, ariko birahagije kutwemeza ko igihe nyacyo cy'imikorere y'ubwenge buto kirimo kwihuta kidusatira.