Ibirayi bishyushye! "- Ibi birashobora kuba ubwambere gukoraho abajenjeri benshi, ababikora, nabanyeshuri bafite kuri moteri ya micro intambwe mugihe cyo gukemura umushinga. Ni ibintu bisanzwe cyane kuri moteri ya micro intambwe itanga ubushyuhe mugihe gikora. Ariko urufunguzo ni, ni bangahe bishyushye? Kandi bishyushye bingana iki byerekana ikibazo?
Gushyushya cyane ntibigabanya gusa imikorere ya moteri, torque, nukuri, ariko kandi byihutisha gusaza kwimbere imbere mugihe kirekire, amaherezo bikangiza kwangirika burundu kuri moteri. Niba uhanganye nubushyuhe bwa moteri ya micro intambwe kuri printer yawe ya 3D, imashini ya CNC, cyangwa robot, noneho iyi ngingo ni iyanyu. Tuzacengera mumuzi itera umuriro kandi tuguhe ibisubizo 5 byihuse.
Igice cya 1: Imizi itera ubushakashatsi - kuki moteri ya micro intambwe itanga ubushyuhe?
Ubwa mbere, birakenewe gusobanura igitekerezo cyibanze: gushyushya moteri ya micro intambwe ntago byanze bikunze kandi ntibishobora kwirindwa rwose. Ubushyuhe bwabwo buturuka ahanini kubintu bibiri:
1. Gutakaza ibyuma (gutakaza intangiriro): Imiterere ya moteri ikozwe mumabati ya silikoni yegeranye, kandi umurima wa magneti uhinduranya uzabyara amashanyarazi na hystereze muri yo, bigatera ubushyuhe. Iki gice cyigihombo kijyanye numuvuduko wa moteri (frequency), kandi uko umuvuduko mwinshi, niko gutakaza ibyuma mubisanzwe.
2. Gutakaza umuringa (gutakaza imbaraga zo guhangana): Nisoko nyamukuru yubushyuhe kandi nigice dushobora kwibandaho mugutezimbere. Bikurikiza amategeko ya Joule: P = I ² × R.
P (gutakaza ingufu): Imbaraga zahindutse mubushuhe.
Njye (ubu):Umuyoboro unyura muri moteri ihindagurika.
R (Kurwanya):Imbere yo guhangana na moteri ihindagurika.
Muri make, ingano yubushyuhe yatanzwe iringaniza na kare ya none. Ibi bivuze ko no kwiyongera gake muri iki gihe bishobora kuganisha ku kwaduka kwaduka kwinshi. Ibisubizo byacu hafi ya byose bishingiye kuburyo bwo kuyobora siyanse yubu (I).
Igice cya 2: Batanu bakomeye - Isesengura ryimpamvu zihariye zitera umuriro mwinshi
Iyo ubushyuhe bwa moteri buri hejuru cyane (nko gushyuha cyane ku buryo udashobora gukoraho, ubusanzwe burenga 70-80 ° C), ubusanzwe biterwa n'impamvu imwe cyangwa nyinshi zikurikira:
Nyirabayazana ya mbere ni uko ikinyabiziga cyo gutwara cyashyizwe hejuru cyane
Nibisanzwe kandi byibanze. Kugirango ubone ibisohoka byinshi, abakoresha akenshi bahindura potentiometero igezweho kubashoferi (nka A4988, TMC2208, TB6600) cyane. Ibi byavuyemo mu buryo butaziguye umuyaga (I) urenze kure agaciro kagereranijwe ka moteri, kandi ukurikije P = I ² × R, ubushyuhe bwiyongereye cyane. Wibuke: kwiyongera kwa torque biza kubiciro byubushyuhe.
Icyaha cya kabiri: voltage idakwiye nuburyo bwo gutwara
Tanga voltage cyane: Sisitemu ya moteri ikora "disiki ihoraho", ariko voltage yo hejuru itanga bivuze ko umushoferi ashobora "gusunika" umuyaga muri moteri yihuta kumuvuduko wihuse, bikaba byiza mugutezimbere imikorere yihuse. Nyamara, ku muvuduko muke cyangwa kuruhuka, voltage ikabije irashobora gutuma umuyaga ucika kenshi, bikongera igihombo kandi bigatuma umushoferi na moteri bishyuha.
Kudakoresha intambwe ntoya cyangwa kugabana bidahagije:Muburyo bwuzuye bwintambwe, icyerekezo cyubu ni kare kare, kandi impinduka zirahinduka. Agaciro kagezweho muri coil ihinduka gitunguranye hagati ya 0 nagaciro ntarengwa, bikavamo urusaku runini n urusaku, hamwe nubushobozi buke. Kandi intambwe ya micro itunganya impinduka zubu (hafi ya sine wave), igabanya igihombo gihuza hamwe na torque ripple, ikora neza, kandi mubisanzwe igabanya ubushyuhe buringaniye kurwego runaka.
Umunyabyaha wa gatatu: Kurenza urugero cyangwa ibibazo bya mashini
Kurenza umutwaro wagenwe: Niba moteri ikora munsi yumutwaro wegereye cyangwa urenze urumuri rufata umwanya muremure, kugirango utsinde imbaraga, umushoferi azakomeza gutanga amashanyarazi menshi, bivamo ubushyuhe bukabije.
Guteranya imashini, kudahuza, no guterana amagambo: Kwishyiriraho nabi guhuza, gariyamoshi ziyobora nabi, hamwe nibintu byamahanga mumashanyarazi ayobora byose birashobora gutera imitwaro yinyongera kandi idakenewe kuri moteri, kuyihatira gukora cyane no kubyara ubushyuhe bwinshi.
Icyaha cya kane: Guhitamo moteri idakwiye
Ifarashi nto ikurura igare rinini. Niba umushinga ubwawo usaba itara rinini, hanyuma ugahitamo moteri ntoya cyane mubunini (nko gukoresha NEMA 17 kugirango ukore akazi ka NEMA 23), noneho irashobora gukora munsi yumutwaro uremereye mugihe kirekire, kandi ubushyuhe bukabije nigisubizo byanze bikunze.
Icya gatanu nyirabayazana: Ibidukikije bikora nabi hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bw’ibidukikije: Moteri ikorera ahantu hafunze cyangwa mubidukikije hamwe nandi masoko yubushyuhe hafi (nkibitanda bya printer ya 3D cyangwa imitwe ya laser), bigabanya cyane imikorere yubushyuhe.
Ubwumvikane buke budahagije: Moteri ubwayo ni isoko yubushyuhe. Niba umwuka ukikije udakwirakwira, ubushyuhe ntibushobora gutwarwa mugihe gikwiye, biganisha ku kwegeranya ubushyuhe no kuzamuka kwubushyuhe bukabije.
Igice cya 3: Ibisubizo bifatika -5 Uburyo bukonje bukonje kuri moteri yawe ya Micro Intambwe
Nyuma yo kumenya icyabiteye, dushobora kwandika imiti ikwiye. Nyamuneka nyamuneka ukemure kandi uhindure gahunda ikurikira:
Igisubizo 1: Shiraho neza icyerekezo cyo gutwara (cyane cyane, intambwe yambere)
Uburyo bwo gukora:Koresha multimeter kugirango upime voltage yerekana (Vref) kuri shoferi, hanyuma ubare agaciro gahuye ukurikije formulaire (formula zitandukanye kubashoferi batandukanye). Shyira kuri 70% -90% yicyiciro cyagenwe cya moteri. Kurugero, moteri ifite umuvuduko wa 1.5A irashobora gushyirwaho hagati ya 1.0A na 1.3A.
Kuki ari ingirakamaro: Igabanya mu buryo butaziguye I muri formula yubushyuhe kandi igabanya gutakaza ubushyuhe inshuro kare. Iyo torque ihagije, ubu ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gukonjesha.
Igisubizo 2: Hindura imbaraga zo gutwara ibinyabiziga hanyuma ushoboze gutera intambwe nto
Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi: Hitamo voltage ijyanye nibisabwa byihuta. Kuri porogaramu nyinshi za desktop, 24V-36V ni urwego rugaragaza uburinganire bwiza hagati yimikorere nubushyuhe. Irinde gukoresha voltage ikabije
Gushoboza kugabanura mikoro ntoya: Shira umushoferi murwego rwohejuru rwo gutera intambwe (nka 16 cyangwa 32 kugabana). Ibi ntibizana gusa kugenda neza no gutuza, ahubwo binagabanya igihombo cyoguhuza bitewe nuburyo bugenda bworoha, bufasha kugabanya ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gukora giciriritse kandi gito.
Igisubizo 3: Gushiraho ibyuma bishyushya no gukonjesha ikirere ku gahato (ubushyuhe bwumubiri)
Ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe: Kuri moteri ntoya cyane (cyane cyane NEMA 17), gufatisha cyangwa gufunga aluminiyumu alloy ubushyuhe bwo gukwirakwiza amazu ya moteri nuburyo butaziguye kandi bwubukungu. Ubushyuhe bwongerera cyane ubushuhe bwo gukwirakwiza ubuso bwa moteri, ukoresheje convection naturel yumuyaga kugirango ikureho ubushyuhe.
Gukonjesha ikirere ku gahato: Niba ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe zitari nziza, cyane cyane ahantu hafunzwe, wongeyeho umuyaga muto (nka 4010 cyangwa 5015 umuyaga) kugirango ukonje ikirere ku gahato nigisubizo cyanyuma. Umwuka wo mu kirere urashobora gutwara vuba ubushyuhe, kandi ingaruka zo gukonja ni ngombwa cyane. Nibikorwa bisanzwe kuri printer ya 3D na mashini ya CNC.
Igisubizo 4: Hindura Igenamiterere rya Drive (Ubuhanga buhanitse)
Disiki nyinshi zigezweho zubwenge, zitanga imikorere igezweho yo kugenzura:
UbujuraShop II & SpreadCycle: Hamwe niyi mikorere ishoboye, mugihe moteri ihagaze mugihe runaka, ikinyabiziga cyo gutwara kizahita kigabanuka kugera kuri 50% cyangwa ndetse munsi yumuriro ukora. Bitewe na moteri iba ihagaze umwanya munini, iyi mikorere irashobora kugabanya cyane ubushyuhe buhoraho.
Impamvu ikora: Gucunga ubwenge byubu, gutanga imbaraga zihagije mugihe gikenewe, kugabanya imyanda mugihe bidakenewe, no kuzigama byimazeyo ingufu no gukonja biva isoko.
Igisubizo 5: Reba imiterere yubukanishi hanyuma uhitemo (igisubizo cyibanze)
Igenzura rya mashini: Nuzunguruke intoki ya moteri (muri power-off reta) hanyuma wumve niba yoroshye. Reba uburyo bwose bwo kohereza kugirango urebe ko ntahantu ho gukomera, guterana amagambo, cyangwa guterana. Sisitemu ikora neza irashobora kugabanya cyane umutwaro kuri moteri.
Guhitamo: Niba nyuma yo kugerageza uburyo bwose bwavuzwe haruguru, moteri iracyashyushye kandi torque irahagije, noneho birashoboka ko moteri yatoranijwe nto cyane. Gusimbuza moteri nibisobanuro binini (nko kuzamura NEMA 17 ukagera kuri NEMA 23) cyangwa umuyagankuba uringaniye, no kubemerera gukorera mukarere kayo keza, mubisanzwe bizakemura mubibazo byubushyuhe.
Kurikirana inzira yo gukora iperereza:
Guhura na moteri ya micro intambwe hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije, urashobora gukemura ikibazo muburyo bukurikira inzira ikurikira:
Moteri irashyuha cyane
Intambwe ya 1: Reba niba ikinyabiziga kigenda gishyirwa hejuru cyane?
Intambwe ya 2: Reba niba umutwaro wa mashini uremereye cyane cyangwa guterana hejuru?
Intambwe ya 3: Shyiramo ibikoresho byo gukonjesha umubiri
Ongeraho icyuma gishyuha
Ongeramo gukonjesha ikirere ku gahato (umufana muto)
Ubushuhe bwarahindutse?
Intambwe ya 4: Tekereza guhitamo no gusimbuza moderi nini ya moteri
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-28-2025